Hair waving heater



- April 24, 1934. w SHELTON 1,956,256

HAIR WAVING HEATER Filed Jan. 9, 1932 Wren/0r I Q/m/ne Patented Apr. 24,1934 UNIT HAIR WAVING HEATER William G. Shelton, St. Louis, Mo.,assignor to W. G. Shelton Company, St. Louis, Mo., a corporation ofMissouri Application January 9,

11 Claims.

This invention relates to the hair waving art and consists in a novelflexible heater device for use particularly in permanent waving.

In forming the somalled permanent waves, the

5 hair is wound about a curling rod either in a helix from the scalpoutwardly or in a fiat coil Wound spirally from the outer end of thestrand inwardly. A moisture containing supply pad is applied and thewound strand then inserted in a heater of tubular or arcuate shape,according to whether the corkscrew or Crcquignole type of curl is beingformed. The heater is usually rigid and provided with a suitableresistor and with movable jaws for gripping the curl.

Due to irregularities in the contour of the curl,

and variations in the size thereof, such heaters do not inti latelyenvelop the curl in all cases, resulting frequently in lost heat anduneven heat ing of the curl. Flexible heaters have been suggested whichare adapted to more intimately en gage the curl than the above tubularand arcuate heaters. Such devices, ho; ever, usually contain as aninseparable part th reof laminations of paper, fabric or similarmaterial which are injuriously aiiiected by h at, moisture and chemicalconditions incident to the hair waving operation and are notsuiiiciently substantial to withstand the handling and manipulationresulting from repeated use, or do not constitute a completeselfcontainer hea er u l including moisture retaining as well as .sulaand heat distributing elements. Moreover, of the flexible heater devicesat present known cannot be applied to both the corkscrew and Croquignoletypes of curls.

One object of the present invention is to provide a hair wa' ng heatdevice comprising a heater portion which su iciently flexible tointimately envelop a wound hair s nd, and a substantial frameworkportion spring clip elements for holding the heater app ed to the curl.

Another object is to provide a novel flexible heater comprising acomplete durable self-contained unit which may be repeatedly used withordinary absorbent Another object is to provide a heater of the abovetype which will comparatively light and inexpensive e be applicable toeither of the cor s .ole types of waves. 0 These oo,

' s are attained substantially by the stru tures ustrated in theaccompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is side view of the assembledheater and clamp.

Figure 2 is a top view of the clamp.

1932, Serial No. 585,770

Figure 3 is an end view of the same.

Figure 4 is a top view of the flexible heater with some of thelaminations removed.

Figure 5 is a vertical longitudinal section through the flexible heater.

The flexible heater pad is comprised of a series of laminations orlayers on each side of a thin metal grid resistor 1, the arrangement ofthe laminations at each side of the grid being similar.

Layers of mica 2, or similar insulating material,

wrinkling, cracking and wearing effects of repeatecl usage. Suitableouter layers of resilient material may be substituted for the aluminumlayers, if desired. The side edges of the layers are preferably pressedtogether and overlapping lips 18 of the outer covering bent over to holdthe layers assembled and to form a groove for interengagement with thejaws of a clamp member to be described hereafter.

The grid 1 winds back and forthcver a substantial portion of the heaterand has perforated ends 5 which engage threaded studs 6 embedded in thepad preferably between two of the lower layers. A sleeve-like cap '7 isscrewed onto the studs 6 and provides a connection terminal for springclips 8 on an electric supply cord 16. A

bushing 9 insulates the outer aluminum layers of the heater from thecurrent carrying parts.

The heater pad is applied to a wound hair strand by means of a clampmember including rigid jaws 10 extending the length of the pad along thesides thereof and provided with arcuate resilient connecting strips 11and 12. Arcuate strips 11, connecting the ends of the jaws, haveperforated projections 13 disposed to fit over studs 6 to preventrelative movement between the flexible heater and clamp. Strip 12 isperforated to lighten the structure.

Manipulating handles 14 are secured to jaws 10 by means of rivets 15.The jaws 10 are provided with lips 17 at their lower ends for engagingthe lower edges 18 of the flexible pad to assist in flexing the heaterpad. It will be obvious that converging pressures applied to the handles14 will cause jaws 10 to open, permitting the insertion of a preparedcurl, and that upon release of 0 the handles the spring effect ofarcuate strips 11 and 12 will cause the jaws to firmly grip the woundhair strand.

In operation the hair strand is wound in the usual manner about acurling rod either in a helical or a fiat spiral coil. An ordinarymoisture laden supply member of fabric, blotting paper or similarmaterial is then wrapped about the coil and the assembled heater andclamp applied over the curl either from the side or the top, accordingto the manner of winding the hair.

Due to the lightness and flexibility of the heater construction, and theproximity of the resistor to the hair when the device is applied to acurl, the heater is preferably used with comparatively low voltagecurrent which is imperceptible to the human touch and which can produceno harmful effects in case of short circuit or rupture of the insulatingportions of the pad. The materials of which the flexible heater isformed are not injuriously affected by heat, moisture, and chemicalconditions arising during hair waving and accordingly the pad may beused in repeated operations, it being necessary to renew the supplymember only with each operation.

The clamp member is made of substantial and durable material and whenassembled with the flexible heater pad reinforces the sides and endsthereof and provides an unusually light, effective and sturdy heaterunit. The clamp and pad are preferably maintained assembled and readyfor application over a moistened supply wrapped curl and attachment ofsupply wiring to the heater terminals. However, the relativelyinexpensive flexible heater pad may be readily renewed or replaced incase of damage thereto, as by burn ing out of the grid, without thenecessity of replacing the clamp member, as is the case with manyheaters now in use.

Obviously, various details of the selected embodiment illustrated arenot essential to the invention. The layers of mica, asbestos andaluminum of the heater pad may be replaced by layers of other materialspossessing suitable flexibility, durability, and other qualitiesreferred to above. Different means of attachment of the heater pad tosupply wiring may be provided and any suitable flexible resistor mightbe inserted between the laminations and the pad, a thin sheet of micahaving small gauge wire wound about it effectively serving the purpose.These and other variations might be made without departing from thespirit of the invention and exclusive use of all such modifications ascome within the scope of the appended claims is contemplated.

What is claimed is:

1. A hair waving device comprising, a flexible sheet-like heater padcontaining a resistor and adapted to be repeatedly used in hair wavingoperations without deterioration, there being terminal studs projectingfrom said pad for attachment of electric wiring, and a clamp memberincluding recessed elements insulated from said studs and cooperatingwith the same to maintain said clamp and heater properly assembled as acompact heater unit.

2. In hair waving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike heater pad containinga resistor and layers of insulating and moisture excluding materials,said materials being capable of resisting deteriorating effects ofrepeated usage, and a clamp for maintaining said pad intimatelyenveloping a substantial portion of a wound hair strand and comprisingjaw elements extending substantially the length of said pad and alongthe edges thereof, manipulating handles, and an arcuate sheet springelement resiliently connecting said jaws and shaped to surround asubstantial portion of the curl.

3. In hair waving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike permanent heater padcontaining a resistor and layers of insulating and moisture excludingmaterials, a renewable absorbent supply pad for engaging the hair, and aclamp for maintaining said supply and heater pads intimately envelopinga wound hair strand, said clamp including resiliently connected jaws,manipulating handles, and an arcuate body portion, said jaws and bodyportion overlying and reinforcing substantial portions of said pad.

4. In hair waving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike h ater pad including aresistor and layers of insulating and moisture excluding materials,electric terminals projecting from the upper surface of said pad, and aclamp member for maintaining said pad intimately enveloping a wound hairstrand, said member including jaw elements extending substantially thelength of said pad, arcuate resilient elements connecting the middle andend portions or" said jaws, and manipulating handles, said jaw elementsand arcuate portions overlying and reinforcing substantial portions ofsaid pad, and said arcuate end portions including recesses engaging saidterminals to maintain said pad and clamp member in proper assembledrelation as a compact heater unit.

5. In hair waving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike heater pad containinga resistor having rigid terminals projecting from said pad, and aseparable skeleton frame surrounding the periphery of said pad andincluding elements cooperating with said terminals to maintain theassembly and handles for applying the assembled device to and removingthe same from a curl.

6. In hair waving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike heaterpad containing aresistor and terminal projections and adapted to be repeatedly used inhair waving operations without substantial deterioration, and aseparable clamp member for maintaining the heater in engagement with aprepared curl and having elements arranged to interengage with saidprojections to properly maintain the assembly throughout repeated use 1the apparatus.

7. Apparatus for Croquignole waving of hair comprising a flexiblesheet-like pad for pliably enveloping a wound strand of hair, said padincluding substantially coextensive layers of insulating and moistureexcluding and heat conducting members, and a resistor extending back andforth substantially throughout the length and width of said pad, therebeing rigid terminals on said resistor projecting transversely from theface of said pad for attachment of electric wiring.

8. In hair aving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike heater and insulatingpad containing a resistor and adapted to be used repeatedly insuccessive hair waving operations, and a skeleton frame for yieldinglyclamping said pad in engagement with a wound strand of hair, said frameincluding relatively narrow opposing jaws for tucking opposite edges ofsaid pad towards each other near the base of the hair strand.

9. In hair waving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike pad including moistureexcluding material, heat distributing material and a heating element,and a member for holding said pad in position on a wound strand of hair,said member comprising a rectangular skeleton frame of thin springmaterial consisting of spaced sides and ends for engaging the edges ofsaid pad to press the same against the strand enclosed thereby, therebeing spaced handles projecting from the opposite sides of said frame tomanipulate the same to distort the frame for application to and removalfrom the wound strand.

10. In hair waving apparatus, a flexible sheetlike pad includingmoisture excluding material, heat distributing material and a heatingelement, there being terminals projecting from said pad transversely ofthe face thereof, and a member for holding said pad in position on awound strand of hair, said member comprising a rectangular skeletonframe of thin spring material consisting of spaced sides and ends forengaging the edges of said pad and pressing the same against the woundstrand of hair enclosed thereby, said ends having inward projectionsperforated to receive said terminals and thereby position the pad andframe relative to each other, there being spaced handles projecting fromthe opposite sides of said frame to manipulate the same to distort theframe for application to and removal from the wound strand.

11. In hair waving apparatus, a pliable sheetlike heater pad containinga resistor and moisture excluding and heat distributing elements, and ayielding but form sustaining light-weight skeleton frame for applyingsaid pad to a wound strand of hair and including means for manuallyflexing the apparatus during its application to and removal from thehair strand, said pad and frame comprising an assembly arranged forhandling as a unit throughout repeated hair waving operations.

WILLIAM G. SHELTON.

